New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What device should be used first to extricate a patient from an automobile with a suspected cervical spine injury?

1. Long backboard

2. Soft cervical collar

3. Extrication collar

4. Short backboard

The correct answer is: Extrication collar

When dealing with a suspected cervical spine injury during the extrication of a patient from a vehicle, a cervical extrication collar is essential for providing the necessary immobilization. This device is designed to stabilize the head and neck, preventing any movement that could exacerbate a potential spinal injury. The use of an extrication collar first during the extrication process is crucial because it ensures that the cervical spine is protected as soon as possible. This helps reduce the risk of further damage to the spinal column during the transfer of the patient from the vehicle. Proper immobilization is critical in preventing exacerbation of injuries, which could lead to long-term disability or complications. Other devices such as a long backboard or a short backboard may be used later in the process for full-body stabilization, but they do not provide the specific neck and head immobilization that the cervical extrication collar does. A soft cervical collar is less effective in providing the rigidity required in this acute situation. Therefore, prioritizing the use of the cervical extrication collar ensures that the patient is protected effectively at the outset of the extrication process.